2, APG773
1-
2 -
1-
1-
1
1 APG741 APG782
1
1
1 APG1281
3, APG1153, APG115b 2 APG1291-
1
1
1
Z, APG502 APG512
J, APG553, APG681, APG1463
1
1, APG1112,
2, APG1171
cn
d, APG122, APG1311, APG1411
1-
1
1
1
1
1
2 APG141
1 APG1521
1
2 APG631
3 APG76b2 APG721
1
1
1
_Q O O CO CO CD CD CL CL < <
3
3 APGSSb1
2 APG1382
2 APG1382
1
1
1
1
1
1
Species
Family
Specimens
Local name (Achuar in italics)
PU
Use (Use Reports)
Preparation
Use reported in the Amazon
Use reported among the Shuar
Adenostemma fosbergii R.M.King & H.Rob.
Asteraceae
APG20, APG67Araraats
L
Snakebite (15)
Leaves are crushed and mixed with water, used orally.
 
(Bennett et al., 2002)
Badris gasipaes Kunth
Arecaceae
APG89Uwi, Chonta
R orL
Malaria(3)
Decoction, used orally and then vomited
(Balslev et al., 2008)
.
Banisteriopsis caapi (Spruce ex Griseb.) C.V. Morton
Malpighiaceae
APG23Nateem
L
Malaria (5)
Decoction is drunk and then vomited
(Ruiz et al., 2011)
 
Brosimum sp.
Moraceae
APG62Kustanch
Lx
Dysentery (5), Diarrhea (4)
raw latex used orally
na
na
Brugmansia insignis (Barb. Rodr.) Lockwood ex R.E. Schultes
Solanaceae
APG10Maikua, Floripondio
S
Fractures and sprains (19)
The stem is scraped and squezed to extract juice, the juice is drunk and applied externally with bandage.
(Schultes and Raffauf, 1990)
(Hay et al., 2012)
Brugmansia insignis (Barb. Rodr.) Lockwood ex R.E. Schultes
Solanaceae
APG10Maikua, Floripondio
S& L
Wound healing (5)
The stem is scraped and squezed to extract juice and applied externally with bandage. The leaf is roasted, grounded and then applied on the wound
 
(Hay et al., 2012)
Brunfelsia grandiflora D. Don
Solanaceae
APG60Chirikiasip
L
Rheumatism (4)
Decoction is used orally
(Schultes and Raffauf, 1990)
(Broseghini and Frucci, 1986)
Carica papaya L.
Caricaceae
 
Papaya
Se
Parasites (22)
Seeds are crushed and mixed with water, used orally
(Rutter, 1990)
(Broseghini and Frucci, 1986)
Cedrela odorata L.
Meliaceae
APG13Kanu, Cedro
B
Leishmaniasis (3)
Internal part of the bark is scraped and
(Kvist et al., 2006; Odonne, 2010)
.
 
 
 
 
 
 
applied on the lesion
 
 
Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn.
Bombacaceae
APG15Mente'
B
Leishmaniasis (3)
Bark powder is applied externally
(Odonne et al., 2011)
 
Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle
Rutaceae
 
Limon
F & J
Diarrhea (19)
Fruit or juice is added to preparations with other species
(Odonne et al., 2013)
 
Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck
Rutaceae
APG97Naranja
L
Diarrhea (4)
Decoction, used orally
(Thomas and Vandebroek, 2006)
 
Cremastosperma cauliflorum R. E. Fr.
Annonaceae
APG107-Mantach, Quinina
B
Diarrhea (10), Dysentery (3), Colic (1), Stomach pain (D
Decoction
 
(Bennett et al., 2002)
Cremastosperma cauliflorum R. E. Fr.
Annonaceae
 
Mantach, Quinina
 
Malaria (4)
Decoction
 
 
Croton lechleri Mull. Arg.
Euphorbiaceae
APG90Uruch numi, Sangre de drago
Lx
Wound healing (24), Leishmaniasis (D
Latex is applied on the lesion
(Maxwell, 1990)
(Bennett et al., 2002)
Croton lechleri Mull. Arg.
Euphorbiaceae
APG90Uruch numi, Sangre de drago
Lx
Diarrhea (13), Dysentery (1),
Raw latex is used orally
(Carlson and King, 2000; Odonne et al., 2009; Ubillas et al., 1994)
(Bennett et al., 2002)
Croton lechleri Mull. Arg.
Euphorbiaceae
APG90Uruch numi, Sangre de drago
Lx
Stomach ache (3)
Raw or cooked, used orally
(Vasquez, 1994)
(Bennett et al., 2002)
Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf.
Poaceae
 
Hierba luisa
L
Common cold (6), fever (2)
Decoction is drunk or the water is used to bath
(Grenand et al., 1987)
(Bennett et al., 2002)
Cyperns articulatus L.
Cyperaceae
APG22Piripiri
R
To limit childbirth pain (3)
Root chewed with water and then the water is drunk
(Duke, 2008)
(Bennett et al., 2002)
Cyperus prolixus Kunth
Cyperaceae
APG24Piripiri
R
Diarrhea (12)
Crushed with water or chewed and then used orally
(Plowman et al., 1990)
(Bennett et al., 2002)
Dieffenbachia sp.
Araceae
APG121Sunkip (camacho)
S
Wound healing (3), Snakebite (D
Stem is scraped and applied on lesion
na
na
Euterpe precatoria Mart.
Arecaceae
APGIOlb 2 APG101
Sake
R
Malaria (3)
Decoction is used orally
(Bertani et al., 2005; Kvist et al., 2006; Ruiz et al., 2011)
 
22 Ficus insipida Willd.
Moraceae
APG19Seem, Wampu'
Lx
Intestinal parasites (16)
Latex with water (somtimes cooked) is used orally
(Vasquez, 1994)
 
Gossypium barbadense L.
Malvaceae
APG45Uruch, Algodon
L
Diarrhea (5)
Decoction sometimes P.guayava leaves and bark and lemon fruits are added
(Rengifo-Salgado, 2010)
 
Gossypium barbadense L.
Malvaceae
> > "□ "0 CD CD Uruch, Algodon
uF
Ear ache (8)
Fruit is roasted and then the tip is cut, the fruit is squeezed and drops are appliead inside the ear
(Grenand et al., 1987; Luziatelli et al., 2010)
 
Grias neuberthii J. F. Macbr.
Lecythidaceae
APG32Apai, Huevo de burro
B
Malaria (3)
scraped bark is mixed with water and boiled, decoction is drunk and vomited
(Schultes and Raffauf, 1990)
 
Guarea grandifolia (L.) Sleumer
Rubiaceae
APG81Pamasuki
B
Malaria (3)
Powdered bark is mixed with water and
_
_
 
 
 
 
 
 
used orally and then vomited
 
 
Hamelia patens Jacq.
Rubiaceae
~APG4? APG28Tsapuk
L
Malaria (7)
Decoction is used orally
(Valadeau et al., 2009)
_
Himatanthus sucuuba (Spruce ex Mull.Arg.) Woodson
Apocynaceae
APG4Apach
B
Abscess (3),
Bark is scraped and applied on the lesion
(Odonne et al., 2013; Schultes and Raffauf, 1990)
 
Hylocereus sp.
Cactaceae
 
Ikiamanch
S
Fractures and sprains (10)
Gel/Juice is extracted and then both applied externally and used orally
na
na
Ilex guayusa Loes.
Aquifoliaceae
APG93Wayus
L
Diarrhea (3)
Decoction is used orally
(Schultes and Raffauf, 1990)
 
Ilex guayusa Loes.
Aquifoliaceae
APG93 
L
Wound healing (3)
Chewed and applied on lesion
antiseptic use in (De Feo, 1992)
 
Inga edulis Mart.
Mimosaceae
APG44Wampaa, Guava
B
Diarrhea (5), Dysentery (1),
Decoction is used orally mixed with P. guayava
 
(Gerique-Zipfel, 2011)
Jacaranda copaia (Aubl.) D.Don
Bignoniaceae
APG109Kuiniap (Kuiship)
L
Leishmaniasis (3), Dermatological (D
Leaves are crushed and applied externally
(Gachet and Schuhly, 2009; Plotkin, 1993)
(De la Torre et al 2007)
Leguminosae
Leguminosae
APG149Kuup
B
Snakebite (16)
Scraped bark releases liquid, which is drunk
na
na
Manihot esculenta Crantz
Euphorbiaceae
 
Yuca
R
Malaria (3)
Peeled and cooked roots are fermented to make chicha and then juice from leaves of Nicotiana tabacum are added, used orally
(Vasquez, 1994) reported for Fever. (In this case the plant is used to create the administration drink while the active ingredient is probably nicotiana tabacum)
 
Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H. Gentry
Bignoniaceae
APG3Kaip, Ajo del monte
L
Common cold (6)
Decoction used orally and to bath
(Grenand et al., 1987)
.
Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H. Gentry
Bignoniaceae
 
Kaip, Ajo del monte
L
Disease prevention (4)
Fumigation by burning leaves on a fire
(Grenand et al., 1987)
.
Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H. Gentry
Bignoniaceae
 
Kaip, Ajo del monte
Lor R
Fever(3)
Leaves are boiled in water, which is used to bath. Root is boiled in water and the decoction is drunk
(Grenand et al., 1987; Schultes and Raffauf, 1990)
 
Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H. Gentry
Bignoniaceae
 
Kaip, Ajo del monte
L & S
Mucosal leishmaniasis (3)
Crushed and squeezed to extract juice, which is applied on lesion
(Odonne et al., 2009)
 
Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H. Gentry
Bignoniaceae
 
Kaip, Ajo del monte
L, S& R
Rheumatism (4)
Decoction is drunk
(Vasquez, 1994)
 
Minquartia guianensis Aubl.
Olacaceae
APG82Paini, Wambula
B
Leishmaniasis (3)
External layer of the bark is reduced in powder and applied on lesion
(Gachet et al., 2010; Odonne et al., 2009)
 
Mucuna sloanei Fawc. & Rendle
Fabaceae
APG76Wapaa
Se
Snakebite (6)
The seed is split and the internal part is scraped and mixed with water. Used orally.
Duke and Vasquez(1994) reports the use of Mucuna pruriensis in the Amazon. Mucuna rostrata used elsewhere for snakebite (Soukup, 1970)
 
Musa x paridisiaca L.
Musaceae
APG94Majench, Guineo, Orito
Lx
Diarrhea (18)
Latex is used orally
(Branch and Silva, 1983; Odonne et al., 2013)
(Bennett et al.,2002)
Musa x paridisiaca L.
Musaceae
 
Majench, Guineo, Orito
S
Snakebite (3)
Liquid from the stem is used to wash the bite
[(Sarny et al., 2008) reported the use elsewhere]
 
Nicotiana tabacum L.
Solanaceae
APG95Tsaank, Tabaco
L
Malaria (8)
Leaves are crushed in water, sometimes mixed with Chicha. The remedy is drunk and then vomited
(Schultes and Raffauf, 1990) [as treatment for chills]
 
Ocimum micranthum Willd.
Lamiaceae
APG1Albahaca
L
Common cold (3)
Decoction of the leaves, Cymbopogon citratus leaves may be added. Administered orally or as a steam bath
(Rodrigues, 2006; Schultes and Raffauf, 1990)
 
Opuntia ficus-indica L. Mill
Cactaceae
 
Ikiamanch, Tuna
Cl
Fractures and sprains (4)
Cladode is split in two and the internal gel is drunk and applied on the affected part
 
 
Parkia multijuga Benth.
Mimosaceae
APGie* APG127
Tankam
B
Wound healing (4)
Powdered bark is used externally
(Alarcon, 1988)
 
Phthirusa pyrifolia Kunth Eichler
Loranthaceae
CM ^ Au arake
L
Fractures and sprains (4)
Decoction is used orally
(Alarcon, 1988; Odonne et al., 2013)
 
Plagiochila cf. subplana
Plagiochilaceae
APG11Juu
All
Wound healing (5)
Chewed and applied on the lesion
 
 
Psidium guayava L.
Myrtaceae
APG88Kirim, Guayaba
L, F, B
Diarrhea (40)
Decoction
(Duke and Vasquez, 1994)
 
Urera baccifera (L.) Gaudich. Ex Wedd.
Urticaceae
APG35 APG48Tuntun nara, Ortiga
R
Malaria (7)
Decoction is drunk and then vomited
(Valadeau et al., 2010)
 
Urera baccifera (L.) Gaudich. Ex Wedd.
Urticaceae
APG35 APG48Tuntun nara, Ortiga
L
Rheumatism (5), body aches (1)
leaf hit body parts, which are then massaged
(Cayon and Aristizabal, 1980)
 
Zingiber officinale Roscoe
Zingiberaceae
APG98Ajej, Jengibre
Rh
Diarrhea (17)
Decoction or rhizome crushed in water and then used internally
(Grenand et al., 1987; Vickers and Plowman, 1984)
(Bennett et al., 2002)
Zingiber officinale Roscoe
Zingiberaceae
APG98 
Rh
Common cold (9)
Decoction or chewed
 
(Bennett et al., 2002)
Zingiber officinale Roscoe
Zingiberaceae
APG98 
Rh
Cough (5),
Decoction or chewed
(Duke and Vasquez, 1994)
(Bennett et al., 2002)
Zingiber officinale Roscoe
Zingiberaceae
APG98 
Rh
Blood loss during childbirth (5)
Decoction, used orally.
 
(Bennett et al., 2002)
Zingiber officinale Roscoe
Zingiberaceae
APG98 
Rh
Pain during childbirth (4)
Decoction, used orally.
(Branch and Silva, 1983)
(Bennett et al., 2002)
Zingiber officinale Roscoe
Zingiberaceae
APG98 
Rh
Snakebite (3)
Chewed together with roots of Cyperus sp.
 
(Bennett et al., 2002)
Zea mays L.
Poaceae
 
 
1C
Colics (3) Diarrhea (2)
Internal part of the cob is reduced to ahses, these are mixed with water, which is drunk
 
 
Specimens: 1= Herbario de la Universidad Central del Ecuador , Quito (QCA); 2= Herbario Nacional de Ecuador en Quito (QCNE); 3= Herbario de la Universidad Central del Ecuador (QAP).
PU: Part used, L=leaves;R=root; Rh=Rhyzome; Lx=Latex; S=stem; B=Bark; Se=Seeds; F=Fruit; J=Fruit juice; uF=unripe fruit; Cl=cladodes; IC=internal part of the corn cob.
Use reports: Number of independent reports of the same use is shown within parentheses.
Plant names were checked with www.theplantlist.org (accessed on May 2014); na=not applicable